His full name was Lorenzo Romano Amadeo Carlo Avogadro, Count of Quaregna e Cerreto, but he always signed Amadeo Avogadro. He came from a family with legal traditions, members of his family held high positions in the state apparatus and the judiciary, and his father was a lawyer and a senator. In addition, according to the family tradition, he graduated from law studies and started working as a lawyer. He knew French, English and German literature, as well as Greek and Latin literature. However, he became interested in the natural sciences, was educated and began independent experiments in physics and chemistry. In 1806 he published the results of his electrical experiments in the Journal de Physique. In 1809 he became professor of natural philosophy at the Lyceum of Vercello, in 1820 professor of mathematical physics at the University of Turin, but between 1822 and 1834, when the university was closed, Avogadro returned to law.
He was married to Felicita Mazé, who bore him six sons. In addition to legal and scientific work, he also took an active part in the work of the Education, Measurements and Weights Committee and the Meteorology Committee. At the same time he never sought glory, during his life he was little known, and after his death it was only briefly mentioned that he was a domestic, religious and peaceful man. In 1850, at the age of 74, he retired as a professor at the University of Turin.
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amedeo_Avogadro
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amedeo_Avogadro
His research resulted in pioneering work on the number of particles known today as Avogadra's law. He also introduced the concepts of gramatom and grammolecule and invented a method for determining atomic and molecular weight. The results of his work were published in the Journal de Physique. Only four years after his death, another Italian chemist, Stanislao Cannizzaro, presented the pioneering importance of Avogadro's work at the Congress of German Chemists in Karlsruhe, which solved important problems of chemists of the time. As Lothar Meyer later wrote, "after reading Avogadra's works, all doubt disappeared, and a calm certainty took its place. " The Avogadra number of particles in one mole of gas (called the Avogadra number since 1909) is one of the fundamental physical constants.
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